2024 Author: Jasmine Walkman | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 08:29
New varieties of beans that are resistant to heat and drought have been selected by scientists from Rome.
They have managed to create 30 new varieties that will grow well even at high temperatures caused by global warming worldwide, informs Reuters.
Beans, often called the meat of the poor, are a staple food for more than 400 million people in developing countries. However, due to the adverse effects of global warming, the areas where traditional varieties can be grown will be reduced by 50 percent by 2050.
And that could endanger the lives of tens of millions of people, scientists say.
Most of the small farmers in the world already live on the edge. Climate change will force them to choose whether to starve or simply refuse to cultivate the land and move to more urban areas.
For the selection of the new varieties, resistant to drought and high temperatures, crosses with not so popular varieties of beans were used, and not genetic engineering, the authors of the discovery emphasize.
In the process of searching for the most suitable varieties for crossbreeding, scientists have buried themselves in thousands of varieties of the plant, which are stored in genetic banks. They relied mainly on bean varieties that would grow well on poorer soil.
As a result of the crosses, they received bean varieties with increased iron content, which further increased their nutritional value.
The new heat-resistant bean varieties will be able to grow even if the average annual global temperature rises by 4 degrees, as expected by climatologists.
In this way, the loss of areas where beans can be grown will be reduced to only 5 percent.
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