2024 Author: Jasmine Walkman | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 08:29
The wine is made from different varieties of grapes. Depending on the technological qualities of the variety, the juice or juice is subjected to fermentation together with the solid parts of the grapes. They are called grape must and grape pulp, respectively, and are called after crushing the grapes. Before the grapes become wine, it goes through 5 different stages.
1. The first stage is called formation, birth
During this stage the alcoholic fermentation of the grape must is characteristic. Alcoholic fermentation is caused by grape yeast. Wine is a product of alcoholic fermentation, in the metabolism of yeast cells and other microorganisms that are found in must and wine;
2. The second stage is called formation
It begins after fermentation and is the first overflow of young wine. This stage is characterized by some processes:
- release of most of the carbon dioxide;
- precipitation of yeast - the wine becomes clearer;
- precipitation of acid potassium tartrate;
- degradation of part of the proteins;
- decomposition of malic acid.
3. The third stage is called maturation
It starts after the first pouring of the wine and lasts at different times. The time required for the maturation of the wine depends on the grape variety, the conditions in the room where the wine is stored, the temperature, humidity, etc. During this stage, mainly oxidative processes take place, the wine is saturated with oxygen.
4. The aging stage is the next stagewhich is the opposite of maturation.
It occurs in the absence of oxygen at low redox potential. This stage is the slowest of the others. It is characterized by an interaction between acids and alcohol.
5. The last stage is called dying
It is characterized by a gradual degradation of the taste of the wine. The following substances may be used in the production, processing and storage of wine: sulfur dioxide, wine yeast, tartaric or citric acid, calcium carbonate and others.
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